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Marula Oil
Botanical information on Marula oil
The botanical name of Marula is Sclerocarya birrea, and is asingle-stemmed tree with a wide-spreading, round crown andcharacteristic grey, mottled bark, peeling in disc-shaped flakes.It is a tall, deciduous tree (15-20m high). The compound leaves aregrey-green in color, but turn pale yellow prior to being shed.Denuded of leaves, the top branches appear abnormally thick anderect, like upturned fingers (digitaliform). The tree remains barefor several months of the year.
It is bestknown for its golf ball-sized fruit, which it bears in profusionduring summer. They are round to oval, green when young, andbecoming butter-yellow as they ripen. The thick, soft, leatheryexocarp encloses a white, slimy fruit pulp and a large, hard, woodystone. The seeds contained therein are white andnut-like.
The Marula tree is common in the lower-lying areas of SouthernAfrica, and is found, in abundance, in Namibia, Botswana, Zambiaand Zimbabwe.
Use of the Marula tree
The bark, which is 10-20% tannin, contains procyanidins, which havebeen linked to its anti-diarrhoea activity, while the plant is saidto contain gallotannins, flavonoids and catechins. It is claimedthat the leaves have hypoglycaemic effects.
The astringent bark has a range of medicinal uses, including astreatments for diarrhoea, diabetes, fever and malaria. It alsoplays a prominent role in many traditional cultures in SouthernAfrica. Some believe that the sex of a child can be pre-determinedby administering an infusion of the bark of a male or female treeto a pregnant woman. The Zulu and Tonga peoples both call Marulathe ‘marriage tree’, and a brew of the bark is administered as partof a cleansing ritual prior to marriage.
The fruit is rich in Vitamin C (c. 200mg/g). The fruits, which falland accumulate beneath the trees in large numbers, can be eatenripe, but are far more popularly used to brew beer. Its high pectincontent, and delicious flavor, makes it ideal for jelly, and it hasalso been used for sweets, liqueurs, syrup and preserves.
The seed kernel, though hard to extract from the seed, is alsotasty, and widely eaten. The kernels and the oil are said to beeffective meat preservatives, whilst the oil is often used forculinary purposes, as well as being a traditional skinmoisturizer.
Properties of Marula oil
The oil is predominantly oleic acid, which makes it an excellentcomponent in skin-care formulations, while also containinglinoleic, palmitic and stearic acids. It is also tremendouslystable, outperforming all known natural liquid oils.
The combination of high nutritional value and excellent stabilitymake it an excellent choice for modern cosmetic formulae. As it iseasily absorbed, it can be used as light body oil in aromatherapy,or as the focal point for a range of tropical moisturizinglotions.
Marula Oil
